You must’ve heard of the free healthcare coverage here in Italy. While it’s not entirely free it’s significantly less compared to other countries such as the U.S. where about twice as many people select private coverage instead of public. 

If you’re interested in joining the public health system (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale) (SSN) this article will help you better understand its process and services. 

The coverage includes family doctors, medical specialists, prescriptions, blood tests, basic exams and hospital admission; with reduced fees in certain cases. To gain access, you’ll apply for an Italian health insurance card called the Tessera Sanitaria. 

Begin by visiting the post office to fill out a F24 form and make your payment. Go with patience  since many people pay their bills here. The payment is an annual fee typically based on income. 

If you’d like to confirm the price before going you can contact your local health unit, referred to as an ASL (Azienda Sanitaria Locale). Each region has its own website and there are also help desk numbers and locations listed online. If you’re moving to Italy with a work contract, you’re not required to pay the annual fee.

Next, set an appointment at an ASL using your Italian fiscal code (codice fiscale) and consider bringing an Italian-speaking friend to your appointment.

For your appointment you’ll need… 

• Valid ID 
• Tax code
• Residence permit 
• Self-declaration of address 
• Receipt of payment (from the post office) 

If you have an accident prior to getting your insurance (knock on wood), going to the emergency room won’t charge you an arm and a leg. First aid procedures are always covered and for serious medical emergencies, taking an ambulance is free of charge. Remember to call 112 for emergencies. 

The emergency room (pronto soccorso) works on a color-coded system… 

• White – non-critical, often a small charge 
• Green – non-urgent
• Yellow – critical/urgent
• Red – emergency 

If needed, you can also see a doctor before getting public or private insurance, but you’ll be asked to pay at the end of your visit. Try to look up “English speaking doctors” if you don’t speak Italian. 

Many people combine private health coverage with public for benefits like… 

• Shorter waits for appointments
• Shorter lines and more privacy in private hospitals 
• Selecting your physician or specialist 
• Dental coverage

If you decide to go the private route, you don’t need to apply for a Tessera Sanitaria. It might sound like a lot of work but the public healthcare system can be a great option for many expats.